John burry



(No Modelf) 2 sheetssneer 1. J. BURRY. CIRCUIT BREAKING APPARATUS.

PatentedDeo. 5, 18.93,

@J1/wanton Zaak (No Model.) 2 sheetssheet 2.

J. BERRY'. CIRCUIT BREAKING APPARATUS.'

No, 510,156. Patented De0.5,I89s

Msg/62 Unirse Srafrns Aralar trice.

JOHN BURRY, OF NEW YORK,UN. Y.

ClRGUlT-BREAKING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 510,156, dated December 5, 1893.

Application led .Tuly 14,1893. Serial No. 480.793. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that l, JOHN BURRY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Circuit-Breaking Appara tus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to electric circuit breakin g apparatus, and consists of a movable circuit controller comprising a number of electricallyindependent conducting sections combined with at least two contacts for each section at each side thereof for co-action therewith, and connections between said contacts, whereby, in both extremes of motion of the movable part, the current enters one of said sections by one contact, leaves it by another, traverses a connection to a contact bearing against a second section, leaves this second section by a second contact, and so on to other sections or to line, whereby the circuit is broken simultaneously at a number of points in series therein by moving said part, and of other combinations of devices, all hereinafter described, and more particularly pointed out in the concluding claims.

The particularform of vmy invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and hereinafter described, is a relay, but I do not limit myself to relays.

rlhe preferred form of my invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of my new relay. Fig. 2 is a sectional view in the vertical plane indicated by the line 2-2 in Fig. l. Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken in the vertical plane of the armature. Fig. 3 isa horizontal sectional view of the armature. Fig. eis a diagram of, and Fig. 5 shows, the method of arranging the electrical connections of the relay shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Figs. 6 and 7 are similar views, respectively, showing another method of arranging these connections, and Fig. 8 is a diagram showing two of my relays connected with a source of electric energy and a switch for diverting the current alternately to opposing sets of electro-magnets.

The relay shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 con` sists of the followingz-Upon the base B are the end posts A A and side posts O preferably integraltherewith. Attached to the post A is a bar D which is rigidly attached to or integral with the soft iron cores 2 of the electro magnets E. l prefer to attach this bar D to the post A by means of a screw a., and to use a number of screws b through post A and bearing against bar D to adjust the distance of the bar from post A, and the height of the magnet from the base. Upon the post A', I secure the bar D with its electro-magnets E', cores 2, as by a screw ct and adjusting screws b. The free or unattached ends of the electro-magnets E, E', are adjacent or facing each other. In the space separating the electro-magnets E, E', l place the movable armature F, shown as pivoted tothe side posts O, but insulated therefrom. The armature F is composed of two metallic sections insulated from each other, but, in conjunction with devices hereinafter set forth, forming part of one electric circuit. One of the said sections is composed of the uprights 3, and the shafte to which the uprights are or maybe rigidly attached, as by pins 5. Each upright 3 is provided on each face at or near its upper end with a contact point 6. The other section is formed of the, U-shaped piece 7 supported on the shaft e but separated therefrom by insulation 8 so as to be electrically free from the same. Each leg of section 7 has two contacts 7a thereon. The said sections are preferably made of a resilient metal for a purpose hereinafter stated. The two sections are secured together by the two bars or armatures 9 fastened or riveted to the uprights 3 and riveted together between theV legs 0f the section 7, pieces of insulation 10 separating the bars from section 7. These bars 9, secured opposite the cores may form the keeper and give additional rigidity to the armature, insuring that the free ends of the sections will move in unison, this unison being requisite to the best working of the relay. The shaft i is supported in a Well known manner by the screws 11 Working in ferrules l2 of insulating material inserted in holes in the posts O.

Secured to the tops of posts O by screws d, is a block 13 of insulating material, said block having a hole 14 for each leg of the sections of the armature. (Of course, two or more of these holes may be united to forma slot and effect the same result.) Fitting over IOO the block 13 are two U-shaped caps of metal 15 and 15a and four L-shaped caps of metal 16, 1621613160. Caps 15 and 15 are secured to the block 13 by screws @,f, respectively, and caps 16, 16, 16", 16, die., are secured thereto by screws g, 7m, 7a, respectively. The pieces 15, 15, have or may have holes 18 therein which come over the holes 14 thereunder; the ends of pieces 16, 16a, 16, 16C, may have semi-circular cutaways 19 therein which come over the holes 14 thereunder. Pairs of screws 26, 202202 20d, pass through the caps and the block 13 into the holes 14 from the opposite sides as shown. These screws may have the usual lock-nuts 22, as shown, and are provided with contact-points as hereinafter described.

The electro-magnets E are electrically connected together, and each is electrically connected to the binding screw 23 on its side by means of the wire 24. Binding screw pressesagainstanotherbindingscrew 25. See Eig. l. The electro-magnets E are similarly connected with each other; and with binding screw 25 by the wires 26 and screws 27. A metal ferrule 25a may be placed in the cap 13 and the screws 25 engage a thread therein. Screws 23, and 27 engage a threaded hole in ferrule 25. Binding screws 25 are connected with a battery or other source ot' electric energy in the manner shown in diagram in Fig. S as hereinafter described.

I sometimes provide the soft iron cores of the electro-magnets with a short bar or piece of iron or shell, as 28, inserted in a hole 29 in the core. This bar 28 is insulated from the core by a thimble or ferrule 30, of suitable material. This is done to prevent sticking of the bars 9, a thing' very liable to happen, when the bar 9 touches bar The object of this arrangement will appear hereinafter.

Fig. 5 shows the manner in which the various parts of the relay shown in Fig. 1 are electrically connected, and Fig. 4 shows the action of the armature.

The reference letter Z marks a battery or other source of electrical energy, the poles of which are connected respectively by conductors 31, 32, with the pieces 16, 16C, as by binding screws z', 7a. A conductor 33 connects the pieces 16c and 16, and a conductor 34 connects the pieces 16h and 16, The piece 15 is (or may be) connected to earth by a conductor 35, while the piece 15 is (or may be) connected to line 36. The diagram, Fig. 4, shows more clearly the action of the parts hereinbefore described. The legs 3 vibrate between the contacts l?L and 2l" of screws 20d and contacts 21c and 2l1 of screws 20, while legs 7 vibrate between the contacts 2lc and 21f of screws 20c and the contacts 21g and 211 of screws 20h. When the armature rests with its contacts against the contact points 2l, 21C, 21e, 21g, the current traverses line 36 to contact 21C, to section 3, to contact 21', to conductor 31, to battery Z, to conduct-or 32, to contact 21g, to section 7, to contact 21, to

conductor 35 to earth. Then the armature is at the other extreme of its motion, the current traverses line 36, to contact2ll, to section 3, to contact 21h, to conductor 32, to battery Z, to conductor 3l, to contact 21h, to section 7, to contact 2U, to conductor 35, to earth, but the direction of this current is the reverse of that ot the first named. In each case, there are four simultaneous breaks in series in the circuit each time the armatureis moved away from either set of contacts.

I will now describe how the armature is, or may be caused to be moved by the electro magnets E, E', reference being had to the diagram Fig. 8 wherein are shown two relays with their electro-magnets E2, E3, and E, E5 joined in series, the contacts, for co-action with the armatures and supports, being omitted. Magnets E2, E, are joined by conductor 37, and magnets Et, E5, by conductor 38. 'lhe source of electric energy, as a battery Y, has one pole connected with magnets E3, E5, by a conductor 39, there preferably being a rheostat 40 forming part of said connection. The other pole is connected with the magnets E2, E, bythe conductor41, the brushes 42, 43, the circuit controller, brushes 45, 46, the conductor 47 to magnets E2, and the conductor 48 to the magnets E4. The circuit controller is or may be composed of a shaft 44 (which may be rotated by any suitable motor) and a piece of insulation 49 set therein longitudinally. This insulation 49 preferably occupies about one-quarter of the circumference ofthe shaft; when it is under the brushes 42, 45, the circuit in which the magnets E2 E3 are placed is broken; the same is true of the circuit, including magnets E, E5, when the insulation is in contact with the brushes 43,46. NVith the construction shown, there are times when both circuits are closed, then one is opened and closed, then the other is opened and closed; that is, for one revolution of the shaft 44, each circuit is opened once, and at two differenttimes the current is divided between them.

In order to more quickly discharge the elec tro-magnets when their circuits are opened, I connect electrocondensers, as NV, X, therewith, as by wires 50, 51, placing rheostats 52, 53 in these connections in order to be able to vary the resistance.

Taking the parts in the positions shown in Fig. 8 with the shaft turningin the direction indicated by the arrow, the current is weakening in the magnets E4, E5, and is just start ing through magnets E2, The eit'ect of this is to weaken the pull of magnets E, E5 on the armatures; at the same time the magnets E2, E3, begin to attract the armatures weekly; when the shaft has turned far enough to break the connection between brushes 43 and 46, the magnets E4, E are dis` charged quickly by the condenser 1V and the armature ilies over to the magnets E2 E3. The reverse of all this takes place as the circuit through brushes 43, 46 is completed and IOO IIO

the circuit through brushes 42, 45 is broken. With the shaft 44 making many revolutions per minute, as in fact it does, the circuits are made and broken with great rapidity and the armatures move back and forth accordingly. If the armatures are made of flat resilient metal as show`n in the'drawings and described above, the springiness thereof accelerates their rate of motion on starting. If the small bars 28 are used,their effect is to increase the sizeof the armature when it is in contact with them and so add to the attraction of their electro-magnets, and to maintain good contact by the armature after the current through their magnet is broken, and leads to a quick breaking away by the armature when it yields to the attraction of the other magnets.

Each armature F in Fig.8 forms or may form, part of an independent circuit, though two or more may form parts of one circuit.

Fig. 7 shows an arrangement of the top parts ofthe relay, omitting contact screws and other parts, and Fig.'6 shows the diagram for same. The various parts are essentially the same as those in Figs. 4 and 5, and are designated by references differing from those in Figs. 4 and 5 by the superior index 2 prefixed to the indices of said figures.

I do not limit myself to the construction of the armature shown in the drawings, asl am aware that the same may be varied in many Ways without departing from my invention. Nor do I limit myself to the methods or ways of connecting up the contacts for the armature shown in the drawings. Also, many changes in details may be made without departing from my invention.

The base B, and the four standards A, A', C, C, rising therefrom are cast or formed preferably in one pieceas this insures the rigidity of the structure. The base is in the form of a hollow square or rectangle, or other hollow form, and is shaped so that the armature may be removed downward away from the contact points supported from the standards C, C, on loosening its supporting screws.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of an armature comprising a number of conducting sections insulated from each other, one or more e1ectromagnets at each side of said armature, said magnet or magnets on one side being electrically independent of the one or those on the other side, two contacts at each side of each of said sections, and means electrically connecting said contacts by twos or multiples thereof, whereby the circuit through said armature may be bqroken simultaneously at a number of points in series, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a resilient armature comprising a number of conducting sections insulated from each other, one or more electro-magnets at each side of said armature, said magnet or magnets on one side being electrically independent of the one or those on the other side, two contacts at each side of each of said sections, and means electrically connecting said contacts by twos or multiples thereof, whereby the circuit through the armature is broken simultaneously at a number of points in series when the armature moves, the resiliencyof the armature aiding in moving the same, substantially as described.

3. The combination of an armature comprising a number of resilient sections insulated from each other, one or lnore electromagnets at each side of said armature, said magnet or magnets on one side being electrically independent of the one or those on the other side, two contacts at each side of each of said sections, and means electrically connecting said contacts by twos or multiples thereof, whereby the circuit through the armatureis broken simultaneously at a number of points in series when the armature moves, the resiliency of the armature aiding in moving the same, substantially as described.

4. The combination of an armature comprising a number of U -shaped conducting sections insulated from each other, one or more electro-magnets at each side of said armature, said magnet or magnets on one side being electrically independent of the one or those on the other side, two contacts at each side of each of said sections, and means electrically connecting said contacts by twos or multiples thereof, whereby the circuit through said armature may be broken simultaneously at a number of points in series, substantially as described.

5. The combination of an armature comprising a number of U-shaped resilient conducting sections insulated from each other, one or more electro-magnets at each side of said armature, said magnet or magnets on one side being electricallyindependent of the one or those on the other side, two contacts at each side of each of said sections, and means electrically connecting said contacts by twos or multiples thereof, whereby the circuit through the armature is broken simultanen ously at a number of points in series when the armature moves, the resiliency of the sections aiding in moving the armature, substantially as described.

6. The combination of an armature composed of conducting section 7, shaft 4 and arms 3 forming a second section, insulation 8, and bars 9 insulated from section 7, with electro-magnets E, and E', independent electrically of each other, two contacts at each side of each of the said sections and means connecting said contacts by twos, whereby the circuit through the armature is broken simultaneously at four places in series when the armature is moved, substantially as described.

7. The combination of oppositely disposed electro-magnets or sets thereof, condensers electrically connected with each set, an armature between said sets of magnets and oper- IOO IIO

ated thereby, a source ot electric energy, electric connections, and means for switching a current through said sets of magnets alter' nately, substantially as described.

S. The combination of oppositely disposed electro-magnets or sets thereof, condensers electrically connected with each set, an armature between said sets of magnets and oper` ated thereby, a source of electric energy, electric connections, rheostats between each condenser and the magnets connected therewith, and between the said source of energy and the magnets, and means for switching a cnrrent through said sets of magnets alternately, substantially as described.

9. Oppositely disposed electromagnets, circuits arranged to charge and discharge them alternately, an armatn re composed of a number ot' independent conducting sections insulated 'froln each other, two contacts at each side of each of said sections for coaction therewith, and an electric circuit including said contacts and connecting them by twos or multiples thereof, whereby the said circuit is opened at a number of points simultaneously by the movements ot said armature, all 1u combination, substantially as described.

l0. The combination of oppositely disposed electro-magnets, au armature Consisting of independent conducting sections placed bctween them, at least two contacts at each slide ol` each section, electric connections Joinlng said contacts by twos or multiples thereof, a switch, and independent electric con nectlons therefrom to the said magnets, whereby they are alternately charged and discharged, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregolng as my invention I have signed my naine, in presence of two witnesses, this 29th day of June, 1,393.

` I'OIIIN HURRY.

Witnesses:

PAUL XVtLcoxi, R. W. BARKLEY. 

